Reptiles

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Pine Snake (Pituophis melanoleucus)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Foraging Distance See citation Mean distance per day m B 17 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Home Range 37.5 Mean by min convex polygon ha B 7 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA 5
Home Range 100 Mean by 95% isopleth ha B 7 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA 16.6
Home Range 18.5 Mean core activity ha B 7 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA 2.9
Home Range 70 Mean by min convex polygon ha B 17 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA 6.9
Home Range 71.7 Mean by 95% isopleth ha B 17 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA 10.9
Home Range 8.7 Mean core activity ha B 17 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA 1.3
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Countries
Home Range See citation Table 4 Min convex polygon & kernel Sq km B 14 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Foraging Distance B 14 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA
See citation Table 4 Max distance from den km B 11 Pine Barrens Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Home Range 79.1 Mean by min convex polygon (50%) ha B 9 Arnold Air Force Base Exposure Factor Datasets USA 16.2
Foraging Distance See citation Mean distance per movement event m/d B 9 Arnold Air Force Base Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Home Range 59.9 Mean by fixed kernel, activity range (95%) ha B 9 Arnold Air Force Base Exposure Factor Datasets USA 13.8
Home Range 7.9 Mean by fixed kernel, activity range (50%) ha B 9 Arnold Air Force Base Exposure Factor Datasets USA 2.2
Home Range 65 Mean by min convex polygon (95%) ha B 9 Arnold Air Force Base Exposure Factor Datasets USA 16.7
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean 1300 Mean weight g B 9 Arnold Air Force Base Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Location Type Countries
Home Range See citation Table 1 Kernel, 90% & 50% ha B South Mississippi Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Hatching Success See citation Fate of hatchlings Hatchling 120 Burlington,
Cumberland, and Ocean counties
Exposure Factor Datasets USA

Western Skink (Eumeces skiltonianus)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Population Density 2 Hand captured Individuals per 2,500 sq m B Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Population Density 27 Hand captured Individuals per 22,500 sq m B Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Population Density 39 Hand captured/trapped Individuals per 22,500 sq m B Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Condition Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying See citation Figure 1 Timing of various reproductive stages F Reserva de Biosfera de Mapim´ı, Durango,
Mexico
Exposure Factor Datasets Sexual mature MEXICO
Survival/ Mortality See citation Table 1 Survivorship from year to year B Both Adults and Juveniles Reserva de Biosfera de Mapim´ı, Durango,
Mexico
Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Population Density Review, see Table 4 B Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Clutch or Litter Size Review, see Table 4 B Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Time of Hatching or Parturition Review, see Table 4 B Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:
Author(s)
Wilson, B.S. and Cooke, D.E.
Issue
12
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Age-Specific Countries
Survival/ Mortality See citation Table 1, Figures 4-5 Overwinter mortality rate deaths/100 lizards/day B Adult CA, NV, OR, WA Exposure Factor Datasets Adults ≥40 mm USA

Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata)

Citation:
Author(s)
Henny, C.J., Beal, K.F., Bury, R.B. and Goggans, R.
Issue
1
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Time of Nesting June 4-July 18 Adult 17 Fern Ridge Resevoir Exposure Factor Datasets Gravid USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Rathbun, G.B., Scott Jr, N.J. and Murphey, T.G.
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Time of Nesting May 28-June 30 Adult 15 Cambria Exposure Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo Gravid USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Spinks, P.Q., Pauly, G.B., Crayon, J.J. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
2
Volume
113
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density 53 [48-66 (95% CI)] Model calculation Individuals in 10 acre waterway Both Adults and Juveniles Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo USA
Population Density 49 Model calculation Individuals in 10 acre waterway Both Adults and Juveniles Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo USA

Giant Garter Snake (Thamnophis gigas)

Citation:
Author(s)
Wylie, G.D., Casazza, M.L., Gregory, C.J. and Halstead, B.J.
Issue
1
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density 177 [124-280 (95% CI)] Abundance estimates NR Not Reported 88 Gilsizer Slough: 1,400 ha Exposure Factor Datasets Sutter USA
Population Density 29 [22-53 (95% CI)] Abundance estimates NR Not Reported 53 Colousa National Wildlife Reserve: 4,500 ha Exposure Factor Datasets Colusa USA
Population Density 229 [199-276 (95% CI)] Abundance estimates NR Not Reported 164 Natomas Basin: 21,600 ha Exposure Factor Datasets Sutter USA
Population Density 118 [111-132 (95% CI)] Abundance estimates NR Not Reported 103 Badger Creek: 240 ha Exposure Factor Datasets Sacramento USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Body Weight - Mean See citation Figures 4 & 5 Body weight relative to SVL B Both Adults and Juveniles 15-Nov Mendota Wildife Area Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno USA

Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Countries Error
Growth Rate 0.162 Voluntary consumption of E. cicutarium forb % mass change/day NR Both Adults and Juveniles 10 University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.5-1.5 y old Los Angeles USA 0.133
Growth Rate -0.045 Voluntary consumption of A. hymenoides grass % mass change/day NR Both Adults and Juveniles 10 University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.5-1.5 y old Los Angeles USA 0.038
Growth Rate -0.043 Voluntary consumption of S. barbatus grass % mass change/day NR Both Adults and Juveniles 10 University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.5-1.5 y old Los Angeles USA 0.025
Growth Rate 0.139 Voluntary consumption of M. glabrata forb % mass change/day NR Both Adults and Juveniles 10 University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.5-1.5 y old Los Angeles USA 0.128
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Dietary Composition See citation Table 6 B Adult 18 Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area,
eastern Kern County, California
Exposure Factor Datasets Kern USA
Dietary Composition See citation Table 8 B Adult 18 Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area,
eastern Kern County, California
Exposure Factor Datasets Kern USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Averill-Murray, R.C.
Issue
2
Volume
4
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.7 Mean clutch size Number of eggs 7 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 2.43
Time of Mating/ Laying 42913 Oviposition date Date Adult 8 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 14 d
Clutch or Litter Size 3.8 Mean clutch size Number of eggs 4 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 1.26
Time of Mating/ Laying 42917 Oviposition date Date Adult 4 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 7 d
Clutch or Litter Size 5.7 Mean clutch size Number of eggs 12 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 1.49
Time of Mating/ Laying 42929 Oviposition date Date Adult 13 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 9 d
Clutch or Litter Size 4.6 Mean clutch size Number of eggs 5 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 1.5
Time of Mating/ Laying 42941 Oviposition date Date Adult 7 Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets USA 21 d
Citation:
Author(s)
Lovich, J., Agha, M., Meulblok, M., Meyer, K., Ennen, J., Loughran, C., Madrak, S. and Bjurlin, C.
Issue
1
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying See citation Figure 2 Clutch phenology F Adult Mesa wind farm near Palm Springs, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside Gravid USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Home Range See citation Burrow location relative to roadways B Both Adults and Juveniles 149-253 Mojave National Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Nagy, K.A., Scott Hillard, L., Tuma, M.W. and Morafka, D.J.
Issue
1
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Survival/ Mortality See citation Figure 6; predation, exposure Cause of death relative to body length B Both Adults and Juveniles 53 Fort Irwin National Training Center Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Sieg, A.E., Gambone, M.M., Wallace, B.P., Clusella‐trullas, S., Spotila, J.R. and Avery, H.W.
Issue
3
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.3 Clutch size Number of eggs Embryo 19 Ivanpah Valley Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino USA 0.2
Clutch or Litter Size 3.4 Clutch size Number of eggs Embryo 15 Ivanpah Valley Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino USA 0.2
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Hatching Success 73.7 % normal neonate produced % Neonate 28 Marine Corps Air Ground Combat
Center, Twentynine Palms, CA
Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino USA
Hatching Success 67 % normal neonate produced % Neonate 63 Marine Corps Air Ground Combat
Center, Twentynine Palms, CA
Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino USA

Island Night Lizard (Xantusia riversiana)

Citation:
Author(s)
Mautz, W.J. and Nagy, K.A.
Issue
4
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Body Weight - Mean Spring-summer adults: 15.3 [4.7 (95% CI)]; spring-summer juveniles: 4.13 [2.23 (95% CI)]; Autumn-winter adults: 16.3 [3.0 (95% CI)]; Autumn-winter juveniles: 1.50 [0.55 (95% CI)] g NR Both Adults and Juveniles Spring-summer adults: 5; spring-summer juveniles: 4; Autumn-winter adults: 8; Autumn-winter juveniles: 4 Wilson Cove, San
Clemente Island
Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles USA
Metabolic Rate Spring-summer adults: 28.7 [7.2 (95% CI)]; spring-summer juveniles: 13.2 [6.8 (95% CI)]; Autumn-winter adults: 30.3 [4.2 (95% CI)]; Autumn-winter juveniles: 4.80 [2.79 (95% CI)] mL CO2/d NR Both Adults and Juveniles Spring-summer adults: 5; spring-summer juveniles: 4; Autumn-winter adults: 8; Autumn-winter juveniles: 4 Wilson Cove, San
Clemente Island
Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles USA
Water Ingestion Rate Spring-summer adults: 0.117 [0.049 (95% CI)]; spring-summer juveniles: 0.074 [0.059 (95% CI)]; Autumn-winter adults: 0.135 [0.032 (95% CI)]; Autumn-winter juveniles: 0.054 [0.036 (95% CI)] mL/d NR Both Adults and Juveniles Spring-summer adults: 5; spring-summer juveniles: 4; Autumn-winter adults: 8; Autumn-winter juveniles: 4 Wilson Cove, San
Clemente Island
Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles USA

Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard (Uma inornata)

Citation:
Author(s)
Barrows, C.W.
Issue
4
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Countries
Dietary Composition See citation Not Reported Thousand Palms Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside USA
Population Density See citation Population growth, r Not Reported Thousand Palms Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density See citation Mean hatchlings/ha Hatchling Thousand Palms Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside USA

Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality See citation Mortality B Adult See citation 50⁰44'N, 97⁰34'W; Narcisse Community Pasture near Chatfield, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Pacific Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
COPPER (elemental) Review Blood concentration Canary Islands Toxicity Factor Datasets SPAIN
PCB Range: <1.6-48.9 ng/g Fat concentration Female 21 Sao Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
ZINC (elemental) Tumor score 0: 0.66, score 1: 0.47, score 2: 0.64, score 3: 1.14 µg/g ww Blood concentration Female Juvenile Tumor score 0: 13, score 1: 4, score 2: 4, score 3: 6 Sao Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 26.63 ± 19.11 ng/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 10 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM (elemental) <0.008 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 12 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM (elemental) Review Eggshell concentration Not Reported Embryo 30 Hong Kong Toxicity Factor Datasets CHINA
NICKEL (elemental) 73.30 µg/g ww Blood concentration Both Male and Female Juvenile 14 Bahía Magdalena Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 0.005-7.88 ng/mL Plasma concentration Both Male and Female Juvenile 39 Punta Abreojos Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
ENDOSULFAN 0.005-7.54 ng/mL Plasma concentration of endosulfan II Both Male and Female Juvenile 13 Bahía Magdalena Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
MERCURY (elemental) <0.005-0.30 µg/g dw, <0.001-0.05 ww Plasma concentration Not Reported 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) Review Liver concentration Not Reported Not Reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets
HEPTACHLOR 18.6 ± 15.04 ng/g ww Fat concentration Not Reported Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
HEPTACHLOR 12.5 ± 11.29 ng/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
MERCURY (elemental) 0.003 ± 0.001 µg/g ww Albumen concentration Both Male and Female Embryo 48 eggs, 12 nests Chabahar Beach Toxicity Factor Datasets IRAN
NICKEL (elemental) Reference intervals for blood concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 49 Howick Group of Islands Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
ARSENIC (elemental) < LOD µg/g ww Kidney concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY
IRON (elemental) 297.60 ± 43.16 µg/g ww Liver concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY
COPPER (elemental) Review Liver concentration Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets JAPAN
LEAD (elemental) Blood concentration Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) Review Blood concentration Canary Islands Toxicity Factor Datasets SPAIN
PCB Range: <1.6 ng/g Liver concentration Male 6 Sao Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
PCB 4.47 ± 0.56 ng/g ww Egg yolk concentration Not Reported Embryo 11 nests, 20 eggs Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
COPPER (elemental) 0.59 ± 0.02 µg/g ww Egg yolk concentration Not Reported Embryo 12 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 0.013 ± 0.0012 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 12 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM (elemental) Review Eggshell concentration Not Reported Embryo 30 Hong Kong Toxicity Factor Datasets CHINA
SILICON 0.01 µg/g ww Blood concentration Both Male and Female Juvenile 14 Bahía Magdalena Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
DDT (2,4'-) Not detected Plasma concentration Both Male and Female Juvenile 20 Punta Abreojos Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
ENDOSULFAN 0.005-12.99 ng/mL Plasma concentration of endosulfan sulfate Both Male and Female Juvenile 12 Bahía Magdalena Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
SELENIUM (elemental) 41.54 µg/g dw, 6.84 ww Plasma concentration Not Reported 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ARSENIC (elemental) Review Blood concentration Not Reported Not Reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL 81.7 ± 325.38 ng/g ww Fat concentration Not Reported Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
DICOFOL 8.9 ± 20.26 ng/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
LEAD (elemental) 4.25 ± 0.56 µg/g ww Eggshell concentration Both Male and Female Embryo 48 eggs, 12 nests Chabahar Beach Toxicity Factor Datasets IRAN
CHROMIUM (elemental) Reference intervals for blood concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 49 Howick Group of Islands Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
CADMIUM (elemental) 4.24 ± 1.01 µg/g ww Kidney concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY
MERCURY (elemental) 0.04 ± 0.02 µg/g ww Liver concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY

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